Recently I was attempting to install Exchange 2016 on Server 2016. On attempting to run the setup.exe /preparealldomains /iacceptexchangeserverlicenseterms command, I was receiving a failure when checking prerequisites which stated that:

PS E:\> .\Setup.EXE /preparealldomains /iacceptexchangeserverlicenseterms

Performing Microsoft Exchange Server Prerequisite Check

Prerequisite Analysis FAILED

A reboot from a previous installation is pending. Please restart the system and then rerun Setup.
For more information, visit: http://technet.microsoft.com/library(EXCHG.150)/ms.exch.setupreadiness.RebootPending.asp

I had rebooted the server a few times and ensured that no restarts were pending.

In versions of Server prior to Server 2016, I would be looking for the UpdateExeVolatile registry key and the PendingFileRenameOperations registry key under HKEY Local Machine. However these didn’t appear to be in their normal place. Eventually I did a search of the Registry and discovered that PendingFileRenameOperations has moved to:

HKLM\System\ControlSet001\Control\Session Manager\PendingFileRenameOperations

The previous location of this key was:

HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\PendingFileRenameOperations

Removing the entries in PendingFileRenameOperations resolved the problem in this case.